1 00:00:25,025 --> 00:00:28,654 [distant rumbling] 2 00:00:29,947 --> 00:00:34,576 -[whale calls] -[rumbling intensifies] 3 00:00:45,546 --> 00:00:49,341 -[whales calling] -[water rumbling] 4 00:01:10,946 --> 00:01:13,907 [whale calls continue] 5 00:01:44,688 --> 00:01:49,151 [whale calls] 6 00:01:57,743 --> 00:01:59,953 -[through radio: whale calls] -[switch clicks] 7 00:02:00,037 --> 00:02:02,331 [whale calls stop] 8 00:02:45,999 --> 00:02:48,961 -[computer key clicks] -[whale calls] 9 00:02:54,258 --> 00:03:00,430 -[whale calls] -[tapping to call rhythm] 10 00:03:03,767 --> 00:03:06,520 [whale calling continues] 11 00:03:18,407 --> 00:03:20,993 [Fournet] "I'm trying to start a conversation," 12 00:03:21,076 --> 00:03:24,913 is the most basic way you can say it. 13 00:03:29,543 --> 00:03:32,796 I am going to put a speaker in the ocean and talk to a whale 14 00:03:32,880 --> 00:03:34,548 and hope it talks back. 15 00:03:46,101 --> 00:03:48,395 If this work is successful, 16 00:03:48,979 --> 00:03:51,732 it will be the first experiment 17 00:03:51,815 --> 00:03:55,027 where we have actively engaged in a dialogue with a humpback whale. 18 00:04:27,476 --> 00:04:33,315 -[whales calling] -[water rumbling] 19 00:04:43,909 --> 00:04:48,497 [whale calls continue] 20 00:04:49,581 --> 00:04:52,626 [Garland] People have been studying humpback song for 40, 50 years. 21 00:04:56,505 --> 00:05:00,926 And still, no one really knows why they sing. 22 00:05:01,802 --> 00:05:05,013 [whale calls continue] 23 00:05:20,988 --> 00:05:22,281 [Garland] Birds have song. 24 00:05:24,116 --> 00:05:25,576 And other whales have song. 25 00:05:28,912 --> 00:05:33,250 But humpback song... is even more elaborate. 26 00:05:37,087 --> 00:05:38,088 They have rhythm. 27 00:05:40,632 --> 00:05:41,842 Timed breathing. 28 00:05:45,262 --> 00:05:47,306 Rhyming and repetition. 29 00:05:56,190 --> 00:05:58,525 Hours of patterns within patterns. 30 00:06:01,987 --> 00:06:05,073 With no clear beginning or end. 31 00:06:09,536 --> 00:06:12,789 I think humpback song is complex communication... 32 00:06:14,499 --> 00:06:17,419 on a scale that has no analog that we know of. 33 00:06:21,131 --> 00:06:22,508 Except us. 34 00:06:45,822 --> 00:06:48,408 [Fournet] My stepfather was a classical pianist. 35 00:06:53,247 --> 00:06:55,541 When he sat down to teach me the piano, 36 00:06:56,959 --> 00:07:01,421 he told me to play one note and to close my eyes and listen... 37 00:07:01,505 --> 00:07:04,675 [whales calling] 38 00:07:04,758 --> 00:07:06,301 ...until the sound disappeared. 39 00:07:08,387 --> 00:07:12,224 [whale calls continue] 40 00:07:12,307 --> 00:07:16,645 He wanted me to understand the sound by experiencing it. 41 00:07:20,357 --> 00:07:25,195 [whales calling] 42 00:07:28,782 --> 00:07:30,993 [Fournet] This is a lot easier when you're on land. 43 00:07:31,827 --> 00:07:34,288 [man] So then you go to set the timer. 44 00:07:35,998 --> 00:07:39,459 -This system communicates with this box? -Mm-hmm. 45 00:07:39,543 --> 00:07:43,213 [Fournet] Took ten years to lay the groundwork 46 00:07:43,297 --> 00:07:48,886 before we could even begin to build the playback files to play to the whales. 47 00:07:48,969 --> 00:07:50,888 [clicks] 48 00:07:52,723 --> 00:07:55,601 -Oh, good. It's live. -Nice. 49 00:08:00,480 --> 00:08:02,357 -[tapping echoes in headphones] -Oh, yeah. 50 00:08:02,441 --> 00:08:03,859 -It's working? -Yeah. Very well. 51 00:08:03,942 --> 00:08:05,277 -Great. Good. -Okay. 52 00:08:05,360 --> 00:08:07,154 -[man] Power on? -[Fournet] Power's on. 53 00:08:08,572 --> 00:08:11,241 -Yes. -[through speaker: whale calling] 54 00:08:16,121 --> 00:08:18,081 [audio scratching, whale calling] 55 00:08:18,165 --> 00:08:20,667 [Fournet] Yeah, that's the one it's gonna struggle with. 56 00:08:20,751 --> 00:08:21,752 [whale calling] 57 00:08:21,835 --> 00:08:24,087 That's it. This is the-- That's the playback call. 58 00:08:24,171 --> 00:08:26,423 That was the actual call that we will be playing-- 59 00:08:26,507 --> 00:08:28,592 -Or one of the calls. -[calling continues] 60 00:08:28,675 --> 00:08:30,594 Yeah, we'll need to adjust it a little bit. 61 00:08:30,677 --> 00:08:33,804 Yeah. I mean, we could reduce the volume. 62 00:08:34,681 --> 00:08:36,767 -Maybe... -[audio scratching, whale calling] 63 00:08:36,850 --> 00:08:39,520 Something's clipping. You may need to adjust. 64 00:08:39,602 --> 00:08:41,897 -Well, it's clipping from the recording. -Oh, okay. 65 00:08:41,980 --> 00:08:43,815 Yeah. The clipping's from the recording. 66 00:08:43,899 --> 00:08:48,028 So these recordings haven't been filtered, they haven't been, um, adjusted at all. 67 00:08:52,074 --> 00:08:53,367 [audio stops scratching] 68 00:08:53,450 --> 00:08:54,701 [Fournet] That's good. 69 00:08:54,785 --> 00:08:58,205 -[whale calls] -Hmm. 70 00:08:58,288 --> 00:09:01,124 -[man] Something's not quite right. -No. Something's not right. 71 00:09:01,208 --> 00:09:03,418 [Fournet] I am trying to fool the whale. 72 00:09:04,920 --> 00:09:06,797 I should be transparent about that. 73 00:09:09,383 --> 00:09:11,343 I'm trying to convince the humpback 74 00:09:11,426 --> 00:09:14,805 that there is another whale in the water that is vocalizing. 75 00:09:16,306 --> 00:09:20,394 We were just brainstorming a few things, and we might have stumbled upon... 76 00:09:21,228 --> 00:09:23,272 [Fournet] So playback experiments in the past 77 00:09:23,355 --> 00:09:25,440 made a lot of terrible sounds by accident. 78 00:09:26,275 --> 00:09:28,610 -[Fournet] Mm-hmm. -[woman] This is how it works. 79 00:09:28,694 --> 00:09:31,113 -For half of the verse it's the real song. -[Fournet] Mm-hmm. 80 00:09:32,239 --> 00:09:33,866 [whale call] 81 00:09:33,949 --> 00:09:35,701 [Fournet] The last time they did playbacks, 82 00:09:35,784 --> 00:09:37,995 they ended up sounding like a humpback whale on helium. 83 00:09:38,078 --> 00:09:39,997 [woman] And this is the reconstructed one. 84 00:09:40,080 --> 00:09:43,083 [whale calls] 85 00:09:43,166 --> 00:09:45,586 [Fournet] And then they wondered why no one responded. 86 00:09:45,669 --> 00:09:48,422 -You clear out everything. -[Fournet] Yeah, you lose all the noise. 87 00:09:48,505 --> 00:09:50,048 And here you have the waveform. 88 00:09:50,132 --> 00:09:52,968 Blue is the input and red is what we're listening to now. 89 00:09:53,051 --> 00:09:55,053 -And red is what we're hearing now. -Yeah. 90 00:09:55,137 --> 00:09:57,723 And you basically are just working with signal? 91 00:09:57,806 --> 00:10:00,142 So, you don't have any issues with the spectrogram? 92 00:10:01,226 --> 00:10:04,688 [man] All the clicks and everything would be thrown away. 93 00:10:04,771 --> 00:10:06,398 [Fournet] That's a great idea. 94 00:10:06,481 --> 00:10:11,528 The only issue I see is that most humpback calls aren't tonal. 95 00:10:11,612 --> 00:10:12,613 [man] Mm-hmm. 96 00:10:12,696 --> 00:10:14,781 [Fournet] I mean, they're amplitude-modulated calls. 97 00:10:14,865 --> 00:10:17,826 And they're short. So a lot of them are these sort of... 98 00:10:17,910 --> 00:10:20,787 [imitates whale noises] 99 00:10:20,871 --> 00:10:22,956 ...calls that aren't harmonic and aren't tonal. 100 00:10:23,040 --> 00:10:24,708 -[woman] That's amazing. -[all laugh] 101 00:10:24,791 --> 00:10:26,418 You do it real well. 102 00:10:26,502 --> 00:10:29,755 [Fournet] Then it's just, again, I think, gonna be about clarity. 103 00:10:30,964 --> 00:10:32,591 -I think we should try it. -[woman] Yeah. 104 00:10:39,056 --> 00:10:42,017 [Fournet] If you were to listen to all the whales around the world 105 00:10:42,100 --> 00:10:43,101 at the same time, 106 00:10:44,561 --> 00:10:46,480 most of those sounds would be calls. 107 00:10:48,398 --> 00:10:51,902 Sometimes they occur in series that change order. 108 00:10:51,985 --> 00:10:54,488 Sometimes they occur one by one. 109 00:10:59,701 --> 00:11:00,869 But they're short. 110 00:11:01,662 --> 00:11:04,039 And we understand very little about them. 111 00:11:07,334 --> 00:11:09,169 But of all of the humpback calls... 112 00:11:10,087 --> 00:11:12,172 I think one is the most important. 113 00:11:16,468 --> 00:11:17,719 The whup. 114 00:11:21,098 --> 00:11:24,852 This call is produced, we think, by everyone. 115 00:11:26,228 --> 00:11:30,232 This is an animal that has the potential to produce infinite numbers of calls. 116 00:11:33,151 --> 00:11:35,654 Why is this call unique? 117 00:11:35,737 --> 00:11:37,531 Why is this call special? 118 00:11:38,115 --> 00:11:41,618 And the best way to start finding that out 119 00:11:41,702 --> 00:11:44,621 is by playing it to a whale and seeing how the whale responds. 120 00:12:00,053 --> 00:12:02,222 This is the question I've been preparing for. 121 00:12:05,559 --> 00:12:08,979 This is the one that I fought for when I was 25 and I started this. 122 00:12:11,565 --> 00:12:16,028 And this was the one that I rallied for when I started my PhD. 123 00:12:20,073 --> 00:12:22,993 And I have to make sure the science is impeccable. 124 00:12:33,795 --> 00:12:36,507 This is the very beginning of how we understand 125 00:12:36,590 --> 00:12:39,927 how humpback whales perceive the world. 126 00:12:41,595 --> 00:12:45,849 And how humpback whales perceive each other through sound. 127 00:13:11,625 --> 00:13:13,252 [Garland] My mum loved the ocean. 128 00:13:18,298 --> 00:13:20,342 And she always wanted to be an oceanographer, 129 00:13:20,425 --> 00:13:22,928 but women weren't allowed out on boats. 130 00:13:25,097 --> 00:13:27,015 So she became a geographer instead. 131 00:13:32,813 --> 00:13:35,691 She never lost her love of the ocean, and she definitely... 132 00:13:37,150 --> 00:13:39,361 transmitted that on to me. [chuckles] 133 00:13:46,410 --> 00:13:49,121 [Garland] Exactly. That's an important thing. 134 00:13:50,080 --> 00:13:54,585 Noting the weird, noting the different, is the best thing you can do. 135 00:13:54,668 --> 00:13:56,920 Because that will jump out at you 136 00:13:57,004 --> 00:14:00,257 if we notice these individual-level differences. 137 00:14:01,049 --> 00:14:02,593 Make a note. 138 00:14:02,676 --> 00:14:07,055 [Garland] Scientists had always thought that songs were only used for mating. 139 00:14:07,139 --> 00:14:08,765 [Garland] We got a nice pattern. 140 00:14:08,849 --> 00:14:12,186 So, a violin, a bark, 141 00:14:12,269 --> 00:14:14,229 and I'm pretty sure that's gonna be a whup. 142 00:14:14,313 --> 00:14:17,399 So these are, like, three perfect exam-- 143 00:14:17,482 --> 00:14:18,692 [whale calls] 144 00:14:22,696 --> 00:14:24,948 [whale calling] 145 00:14:25,032 --> 00:14:28,452 [Garland] But as I listened to a decade of recordings from the South Pacific, 146 00:14:28,535 --> 00:14:30,370 I saw the same songs turning up 147 00:14:30,454 --> 00:14:33,040 in populations separated by hundreds of miles. 148 00:14:34,041 --> 00:14:37,044 But it's important that we're seeing the structure, right. 149 00:14:37,127 --> 00:14:40,672 So we've got a big squeak, and then a lower frequency unit, 150 00:14:40,756 --> 00:14:43,592 then the big squeak and some lower frequency. 151 00:14:43,675 --> 00:14:46,094 And so, if you think about it as a structural thing... 152 00:14:47,262 --> 00:14:50,724 [Garland] I've realized song had to be much more than just mating. 153 00:14:54,520 --> 00:14:56,647 Small changes are introduced to the song. 154 00:14:59,525 --> 00:15:03,946 And then all of the singers learn those changes and the song evolves. 155 00:15:05,739 --> 00:15:06,949 It steps forward. 156 00:15:08,909 --> 00:15:12,037 Songs are then passed across distant populations. 157 00:15:13,539 --> 00:15:15,499 And as this repeats, 158 00:15:15,582 --> 00:15:20,045 they become the shape of what thousands of whales sound like collectively. 159 00:15:23,715 --> 00:15:26,635 All of this is a cultural phenomenon. 160 00:15:28,095 --> 00:15:29,471 So, from Australia, 161 00:15:29,555 --> 00:15:33,267 it first spreads to New Caledonia, 800 miles away. 162 00:15:34,935 --> 00:15:37,646 They all learn the song within a couple of months, 163 00:15:37,729 --> 00:15:40,065 which is ridiculous that animals can learn 164 00:15:40,148 --> 00:15:43,443 this very long, complex display so rapidly. 165 00:15:45,612 --> 00:15:49,116 The songs go from west to east every time, 166 00:15:49,199 --> 00:15:52,035 connecting an ocean of whales with culture. 167 00:15:54,746 --> 00:15:56,248 I'm trying to complete a map 168 00:15:56,331 --> 00:15:58,959 of where song sharing is found in the South Pacific. 169 00:16:01,587 --> 00:16:03,088 To find its edges. 170 00:16:05,299 --> 00:16:08,135 To find out where this humpback culture ends. 171 00:16:26,278 --> 00:16:32,034 [sawing] 172 00:16:32,117 --> 00:16:33,118 [knocks] 173 00:16:42,836 --> 00:16:46,131 -Enough? No ways. -No, I think that's enough. Stuff it in. 174 00:16:46,215 --> 00:16:48,425 [Lilley] Come on, Zin. What's this? 175 00:16:48,509 --> 00:16:50,719 -[cat meows] -[Lilley chuckles] 176 00:16:50,802 --> 00:16:52,054 Up here. 177 00:16:53,430 --> 00:16:54,598 What do you think, Zin? 178 00:16:54,681 --> 00:16:56,600 [Garland] Oh. [chuckles] 179 00:16:56,683 --> 00:16:58,018 [Lilley] Seem all right? 180 00:17:01,480 --> 00:17:03,440 [Garland] Fieldwork's always a challenge, 181 00:17:03,524 --> 00:17:07,653 'cause you're away from people you care about. 182 00:17:10,739 --> 00:17:12,950 -[Lilley] But I thought... -[mechanical clicking] 183 00:17:13,032 --> 00:17:17,412 On occasion, I've managed to get Matt to come to the field site with me. 184 00:17:20,207 --> 00:17:22,125 And we discovered he gets seasick on boats. 185 00:17:22,209 --> 00:17:24,502 So... [chuckles] ...that didn't work so well. 186 00:17:25,087 --> 00:17:26,672 [Lilley] You need to put the stove fire off. 187 00:17:26,755 --> 00:17:28,549 -I know, I know, I know! -See the smoke? 188 00:17:29,591 --> 00:17:30,759 Did you open the-- Yeah. 189 00:17:30,843 --> 00:17:33,595 Step one, Ellen always sets off the smoke alarms. [chuckles] 190 00:17:35,514 --> 00:17:37,140 -[Garland] Ooh. -Ooh, you all right? 191 00:17:37,224 --> 00:17:39,351 Yeah. [chuckling] 192 00:17:41,311 --> 00:17:42,563 Thanks, buddy. 193 00:17:43,480 --> 00:17:45,440 [groans, sighs] 194 00:17:45,524 --> 00:17:47,484 I don't even know where to start. Okay. 195 00:17:48,443 --> 00:17:49,820 -Delegate, Ellen. -Pardon? 196 00:17:49,903 --> 00:17:52,865 -Delegate. Delegate things to me. -Uh... 197 00:17:52,948 --> 00:17:54,157 Okay. 198 00:17:54,241 --> 00:17:58,620 Can you get all my-- all the stuff off the washing line that is dry. 199 00:17:58,704 --> 00:17:59,830 Yes, I can. 200 00:18:03,208 --> 00:18:07,546 [Garland] You know, we have absolute minimal communication coming up, 201 00:18:07,629 --> 00:18:08,714 and that sucks. 202 00:18:08,797 --> 00:18:10,090 And it-- it's really hard. 203 00:18:10,174 --> 00:18:12,426 And I think it's much harder for you than me, 204 00:18:12,509 --> 00:18:16,471 because I'm surrounded constantly by people-- by the team. 205 00:18:17,097 --> 00:18:19,016 [Lilley] Plus, you've got something to do, right? 206 00:18:19,099 --> 00:18:21,768 There's no rest, really, on fieldwork. 207 00:18:21,852 --> 00:18:25,189 When you're really interested in something and really passionate about it, 208 00:18:25,272 --> 00:18:27,608 it's just the obvious thing you want to do. 209 00:18:27,691 --> 00:18:29,359 [Garland] I love being in the field. 210 00:18:30,110 --> 00:18:33,363 It makes me super happy, and I absolutely love it. 211 00:18:33,447 --> 00:18:36,450 And I wouldn't want-- I wouldn't want to stop doing that, 212 00:18:36,533 --> 00:18:38,243 but it is really hard to go away. 213 00:18:38,327 --> 00:18:41,079 It's just best to try and not think about it, I guess. 214 00:18:47,002 --> 00:18:48,587 [sighs] Okay. 215 00:18:49,338 --> 00:18:50,380 [sighs] 216 00:18:51,173 --> 00:18:53,300 -Come here. -[chuckles, sighs] 217 00:18:53,383 --> 00:18:54,468 There we go. 218 00:18:56,011 --> 00:18:57,012 [sighs] 219 00:18:58,847 --> 00:18:59,848 [kisses] 220 00:19:10,567 --> 00:19:13,529 [whales calling] 221 00:19:20,494 --> 00:19:24,665 [birds calling] 222 00:19:34,383 --> 00:19:37,135 -[birds calling] -[water lapping] 223 00:19:48,146 --> 00:19:51,108 [woman] Four hydrophones. Check. Remote. Check. 224 00:19:51,191 --> 00:19:54,403 Four dry bags with collars and GPS units. Check. 225 00:19:54,486 --> 00:19:59,324 Tracker, check. Small black dry bag with boat GPS unit, check. 226 00:19:59,408 --> 00:20:02,452 iPad, check. Green towel is in the backpack. 227 00:20:02,536 --> 00:20:04,288 Goal Zero battery with charging cords 228 00:20:04,371 --> 00:20:06,832 and a Goal Zero solar panel are both in the backpack. 229 00:20:06,915 --> 00:20:08,750 -[Fournet] Black Pelican. -Check. 230 00:20:08,834 --> 00:20:10,961 [Fournet] With camera-- I checked it this morning. 231 00:20:11,044 --> 00:20:13,255 Camera, binos, an extra nine-volt camera battery 232 00:20:13,338 --> 00:20:15,174 and double-A batteries are all in there. 233 00:20:15,257 --> 00:20:19,803 [woman] Awesome. Big yellow dry bag, rain jackets, lunch snacks. 234 00:20:19,887 --> 00:20:21,388 [Fournet] Check, check, check. 235 00:20:21,471 --> 00:20:24,683 Okay. Playback speaker. Four life jackets. 236 00:20:24,766 --> 00:20:25,767 [Knight] Yep. 237 00:20:25,851 --> 00:20:27,519 -Two radios. -[Fournet] Check. 238 00:20:28,687 --> 00:20:31,398 -Personal dry bags and water bottles. -[Fournet] Water. 239 00:20:32,024 --> 00:20:33,483 I've got my water bottles full. 240 00:20:33,567 --> 00:20:35,110 Sunscreen. 241 00:20:35,194 --> 00:20:37,404 [Matthews] Oh, sunscreen, which I wrote on the list. 242 00:20:37,487 --> 00:20:40,490 It's in the bag. We should put it on our faces. 243 00:20:47,289 --> 00:20:49,458 [Fournet] We'll do our first survey down south, 244 00:20:50,542 --> 00:20:52,336 and then we'll work our way north. 245 00:20:52,419 --> 00:20:53,754 [Knight] Okay. 246 00:20:57,799 --> 00:21:01,094 [Fournet] When you're in a place of such beauty, 247 00:21:01,178 --> 00:21:02,804 it's easy to forget... 248 00:21:04,306 --> 00:21:06,391 the whales could capsize us. 249 00:21:07,559 --> 00:21:09,811 And the water is cold enough that we would die. 250 00:21:23,575 --> 00:21:25,619 [water lapping] 251 00:21:50,227 --> 00:21:51,854 There's somebody out there. 252 00:21:51,937 --> 00:21:53,063 -For sure. -Uh-huh. 253 00:22:02,239 --> 00:22:06,118 [Fournet] In past seasons, I've gone weeks without seeing any whales. 254 00:22:07,744 --> 00:22:11,123 This year we have only a month to survey at least 30. 255 00:22:22,634 --> 00:22:27,181 [Matthews] Okay, hydrophones, it is 10:28, August 11th. 256 00:22:27,264 --> 00:22:30,309 This is Dr. Leanna Matthews here with Dr. Michelle Fournet. 257 00:22:30,392 --> 00:22:32,477 I'm going to clap three times. 258 00:22:37,107 --> 00:22:39,109 [Fournet] Each playback takes one hour. 259 00:22:44,489 --> 00:22:47,576 Below, we'll acoustically track one whale with hydrophones 260 00:22:47,659 --> 00:22:50,162 while our speaker plays whups. 261 00:22:52,623 --> 00:22:54,041 [Matthews] Starting playback. 262 00:22:56,043 --> 00:23:00,047 [Fournet] And above, we'll note everything we see one whale do. 263 00:23:00,130 --> 00:23:01,632 This is called a focal follow. 264 00:23:03,509 --> 00:23:07,596 By linking behaviors we see at the surface with recordings below the water, 265 00:23:08,222 --> 00:23:12,434 I'll have a complete picture of how the whale is responding to our playbacks. 266 00:23:12,518 --> 00:23:15,270 -[Fournet] We'll start at first surface. -[Matthews] Yeah. 267 00:23:34,289 --> 00:23:36,375 [Fournet] Feel like she's gonna pop up right next to us. 268 00:23:36,458 --> 00:23:37,835 [Matthews] Yeah. 269 00:23:50,806 --> 00:23:53,976 [water gushes] 270 00:23:54,059 --> 00:23:55,561 [Matthews] Start survey. 271 00:23:55,644 --> 00:23:58,772 [Fournet] First surface. Southwest, 76.2. 272 00:24:05,821 --> 00:24:06,947 [Fournet] Blow. 273 00:24:07,030 --> 00:24:08,866 Never mind. Scratch that. Not our whale. 274 00:24:08,949 --> 00:24:10,659 -[Matthews] That's not our whale. -No. 275 00:24:11,410 --> 00:24:13,871 [Fournet] Blow. West. 276 00:24:14,955 --> 00:24:16,039 50.1. 277 00:24:22,296 --> 00:24:25,090 Blow. Northwest. 278 00:24:28,468 --> 00:24:31,138 Dive. 36.3. 279 00:24:33,182 --> 00:24:34,183 [Matthews] 150. 280 00:24:35,017 --> 00:24:37,019 -It is our whale. -Yeah. That's our whale. 281 00:24:37,102 --> 00:24:39,188 Okay. A little white on the dorsal. 282 00:24:39,271 --> 00:24:40,272 -Right? -Yeah. 283 00:24:40,355 --> 00:24:42,024 Yeah. The fluke just made me feel better. 284 00:24:42,107 --> 00:24:43,859 'Cause that other whale was also a black-fluke whale. 285 00:24:43,942 --> 00:24:45,485 I noticed that, and I was like, "Oh, my God." 286 00:24:45,569 --> 00:24:47,404 -But no. This is our whale. -And that was the right fluke. 287 00:24:47,487 --> 00:24:48,822 -Mm-hmm, that was the right fluke. -Yeah. 288 00:24:48,906 --> 00:24:51,408 Black fluke with kind of speckles. Barnacles on the top. 289 00:24:51,491 --> 00:24:53,160 -Yep. Yep. -[Fournet] Yeah. 290 00:24:53,243 --> 00:24:55,370 [Matthews] Okay. That's the end of our survey. 291 00:25:05,714 --> 00:25:06,965 -Contact. -[Knight] Contact. 292 00:25:07,049 --> 00:25:09,384 -[Fournet] Contact. -[Matthews] Contact. 293 00:25:09,468 --> 00:25:11,094 -Contact. -Contact. 294 00:25:11,178 --> 00:25:12,513 Contact. 295 00:25:31,406 --> 00:25:33,825 [Fournet] Does anybody mind if I take the cheddar one? 296 00:25:33,909 --> 00:25:35,285 [Knight] Go for it. 297 00:25:39,456 --> 00:25:42,167 Are you guys disappointed that I'm not taking us down there? 298 00:25:43,669 --> 00:25:45,379 -No. -Okay. 299 00:25:45,462 --> 00:25:46,672 It's intentional. 300 00:25:47,548 --> 00:25:49,716 There are too many whales down there. [chuckles] 301 00:25:49,800 --> 00:25:51,552 I don't think we should go down there. 302 00:25:51,635 --> 00:25:53,428 [Knight] It could get really confusing. 303 00:26:03,981 --> 00:26:05,524 -That's not our whale. -Correct. 304 00:26:07,067 --> 00:26:08,235 That's not our whale. 305 00:26:10,404 --> 00:26:12,322 -These two are not our whales. -Correct. 306 00:26:27,462 --> 00:26:29,548 [Fournet] Oh, what about that splashing whale? 307 00:26:29,631 --> 00:26:30,799 -Yeah. -That's our whale. 308 00:26:31,592 --> 00:26:35,220 Surface. First surface, 185.2. 309 00:26:37,181 --> 00:26:38,182 200. 310 00:26:39,266 --> 00:26:40,851 I'm pretty sure it's our whale. 311 00:26:41,977 --> 00:26:43,770 I'm gonna try and get it in the binos. 312 00:26:49,526 --> 00:26:50,944 Blow. 313 00:26:51,028 --> 00:26:53,655 South, 178.5. 314 00:26:53,739 --> 00:26:56,074 -400. The closer one, yeah? -[Fournet] Yep. 315 00:26:56,158 --> 00:26:57,451 [water gushes] 316 00:27:03,123 --> 00:27:04,124 [Matthews groans] 317 00:27:04,208 --> 00:27:06,668 -[Fournet] That's not our whale. -That's not our whale. 318 00:27:07,544 --> 00:27:09,796 [Fournet] Delete that whole last surfacing. 319 00:27:11,840 --> 00:27:12,841 [sighs] 320 00:27:15,677 --> 00:27:19,431 [Fournet] This study has a high probability of failure. 321 00:27:23,519 --> 00:27:25,229 The logistics are really complicated. 322 00:27:31,443 --> 00:27:35,781 When there are multiple whales, it's really hard to track just one. 323 00:27:42,371 --> 00:27:46,375 [birds chirping] 324 00:27:58,095 --> 00:28:03,433 [Garland] It's the idea that I might be able to contribute to this knowledge. 325 00:28:03,517 --> 00:28:07,479 That that might be my little piece that I can help with the puzzle. 326 00:28:10,190 --> 00:28:15,612 Even in the hardest field season or the crappiest day, 327 00:28:15,696 --> 00:28:17,698 it gets me out of bed every morning. 328 00:28:20,200 --> 00:28:22,035 I'm a nerdy scientist... 329 00:28:23,620 --> 00:28:25,080 trying to understand our planet, 330 00:28:25,163 --> 00:28:27,416 trying to understand all the animals on our planet 331 00:28:27,499 --> 00:28:29,418 before they disappear. 332 00:28:37,926 --> 00:28:41,430 [Garland] So, you haven't had much instruction with a hydrophone before? 333 00:28:41,513 --> 00:28:43,348 -[man] Not much, no. -Okay, cool. 334 00:28:43,432 --> 00:28:48,187 So, general idea, this part can't get wet, that part has to go underwater. 335 00:28:48,270 --> 00:28:49,271 Mm-hmm. 336 00:28:50,147 --> 00:28:52,649 These take ages to wake up on stamina mode. 337 00:28:52,733 --> 00:28:54,359 -Yeah, right. -[clicking fingers] 338 00:28:54,443 --> 00:28:56,069 I can hear that through there. 339 00:28:56,153 --> 00:28:58,906 [through speaker: tapping] 340 00:28:58,989 --> 00:29:01,533 Yeah, that's definitely doing well. 341 00:29:02,534 --> 00:29:07,080 So the whole idea is you pop on a piece of tape, 342 00:29:07,164 --> 00:29:10,626 and then you want to wind it tight but not too tight. 343 00:29:10,709 --> 00:29:12,794 -Right. -You don't wanna strangulate the cord. 344 00:29:12,878 --> 00:29:14,087 Okay. 345 00:29:14,171 --> 00:29:16,965 And the idea for this is to reduce the water frequency rumble? 346 00:29:17,049 --> 00:29:19,009 -That was what you were saying? -Yeah. It... 347 00:29:19,092 --> 00:29:21,678 -reduces those low-frequency vibrations. -Yeah. 348 00:29:21,762 --> 00:29:25,557 So, yeah, this has been passed down from my supervisor's supervisor 349 00:29:25,641 --> 00:29:30,062 to him, to myself, and now I'm sort of introducing it to our lab. 350 00:29:30,145 --> 00:29:31,522 So it's the-- 351 00:29:31,605 --> 00:29:34,608 It's-- It's the Australian technique, shall we say. 352 00:29:34,691 --> 00:29:37,194 -[Garland] Yeah. No, that's perfect. -[South] Okay. 353 00:29:37,861 --> 00:29:39,363 Now we just need the whales. 354 00:29:41,532 --> 00:29:43,659 Yeah, I'm very happy to see you too. 355 00:29:43,742 --> 00:29:46,286 -So glad we can come out with you. -Long time. [chuckles] 356 00:29:46,370 --> 00:29:48,413 I know, I know. It's been ages. Yeah, so... 357 00:29:48,497 --> 00:29:50,374 [Garland] I only have a couple of weeks, 358 00:29:50,457 --> 00:29:53,961 and I need to get high-quality recordings from different whales, 359 00:29:54,920 --> 00:29:56,338 so I know what's being sung. 360 00:30:04,054 --> 00:30:07,099 [speaking French] 361 00:30:12,020 --> 00:30:13,730 Sorry about that. What do you reckon? 362 00:30:13,814 --> 00:30:17,276 Maybe try there. For the sound, is-- is better. 363 00:30:17,359 --> 00:30:19,570 -[Garland] Yeah. Sounds like-- -And after we can go... 364 00:30:19,653 --> 00:30:20,946 Yeah. That's the best idea. 365 00:30:40,799 --> 00:30:43,093 -Happy to go in? -[Garland] Yep, ready to go in. 366 00:30:52,811 --> 00:30:56,815 -Uncoil it-- Yep. Perfect. -[South] There we are. 367 00:30:56,899 --> 00:30:59,359 -Right. We're gonna start listening now. -Okay. 368 00:31:06,283 --> 00:31:08,327 I'm listening at level 95. 369 00:31:08,410 --> 00:31:12,873 [water lapping] 370 00:31:14,541 --> 00:31:18,212 [water lapping] 371 00:31:21,298 --> 00:31:23,675 It may be at the very edge of my hearing. 372 00:31:24,426 --> 00:31:25,928 It might be, yeah. 373 00:31:26,011 --> 00:31:28,305 [Garland] It's a game of acoustic hide-and-seek. 374 00:31:29,348 --> 00:31:32,893 Let's let all of the-- Yeah, all the cable out. 375 00:31:32,976 --> 00:31:34,811 'Cause it's-- it's not sitting vertical, 376 00:31:34,895 --> 00:31:38,023 and I'd rather get as much depth as we can. 377 00:31:39,441 --> 00:31:41,902 [Garland] Below the surface, a song can be heard 378 00:31:41,985 --> 00:31:45,072 by other whales for dozens of miles. 379 00:31:45,155 --> 00:31:49,743 But my hydrophone struggles to record clearly beyond a mile or two. 380 00:31:56,041 --> 00:31:59,878 [Garland] Okay. I'm gonna stop that now. File 001. 381 00:32:00,963 --> 00:32:02,798 -Feel it from this way. -[South] Yeah. 382 00:32:08,303 --> 00:32:10,430 [Garland] The whales sing outside the reef, 383 00:32:10,514 --> 00:32:12,808 but the deeper waters can get so big 384 00:32:12,891 --> 00:32:15,602 that if you're not careful, it could sink the boat. 385 00:32:16,937 --> 00:32:19,481 Let's try down-- Over there. 386 00:32:20,774 --> 00:32:24,653 [Garland] The water is a window, but it's also a wall. 387 00:32:29,032 --> 00:32:31,660 [water rumbles] 388 00:32:34,079 --> 00:32:36,915 [Garland] We can confirm we do have singing going on, 389 00:32:36,999 --> 00:32:39,877 but it is poor to very poor. 390 00:32:39,960 --> 00:32:44,214 Which means he's a long way out. We can't go into that, unfortunately. 391 00:33:08,614 --> 00:33:12,868 [Fournet] Ten years in Alaska and I have never seen so many whales. 392 00:33:13,702 --> 00:33:17,039 [Matthews] I think we're doing a disservice to the playback if we don't... 393 00:33:17,831 --> 00:33:18,832 do a scan. 394 00:33:18,916 --> 00:33:21,126 Like, we're focal following this animal 395 00:33:21,210 --> 00:33:24,046 and doing a playback to this animal, 396 00:33:24,129 --> 00:33:26,882 but that's not the only animal that hears this playback. 397 00:33:26,965 --> 00:33:29,760 Which means that what the animal does is going to change. 398 00:33:29,843 --> 00:33:32,387 Because you and I having a dialogue alone 399 00:33:32,471 --> 00:33:36,517 versus you and I having a dialogue with a group of people 400 00:33:36,600 --> 00:33:38,560 is going to change how much we contribute. 401 00:33:38,644 --> 00:33:40,312 -Yes! -And how much we pay attention. 402 00:33:40,395 --> 00:33:42,481 I think we're having trouble letting go. 403 00:33:42,564 --> 00:33:45,734 Sure. We spent weeks-- I spent months-- I spent years... 404 00:33:45,817 --> 00:33:49,571 -A long time. -...designing these focal follows. 405 00:33:49,655 --> 00:33:52,491 -But when you get there and you do it... -It changes. 406 00:33:52,574 --> 00:33:54,910 ...and you're seeing all these other things... 407 00:33:54,993 --> 00:33:57,621 It doesn't matter how much time I spent designing it. 408 00:33:57,704 --> 00:34:00,415 So what it the most elegant way 409 00:34:00,499 --> 00:34:03,919 to be certain about something we see in nature 410 00:34:04,002 --> 00:34:08,257 without exaggerating it, without hoping for it? 411 00:34:09,132 --> 00:34:12,678 And I feel like, in terms of that question... 412 00:34:12,761 --> 00:34:14,471 Mm-hmm. 413 00:34:14,554 --> 00:34:21,270 A scan is the simplest way to capture the response of a playback. 414 00:34:22,563 --> 00:34:23,772 Strong pivot. 415 00:34:24,898 --> 00:34:25,983 Very strong. 416 00:34:31,362 --> 00:34:32,989 -I think we're-- -Hey, Maggie. 417 00:34:33,072 --> 00:34:35,284 We're making some changes to the protocol. 418 00:34:35,367 --> 00:34:37,369 -[Matthews] It's gonna be scans. -Just scans? 419 00:34:37,452 --> 00:34:38,704 -[Matthews] Yes. -Scans only? 420 00:34:38,786 --> 00:34:40,163 [Fournet] Scans only. 421 00:34:41,206 --> 00:34:44,001 [Fournet] I thought I was only gonna have one whale, 422 00:34:44,083 --> 00:34:47,713 so it made a lot of sense to look at what one whale did. 423 00:34:49,922 --> 00:34:54,678 Instead, I have lots of whales, which was an unexpected surprise. 424 00:34:56,889 --> 00:34:59,433 So I need to know whether or not 425 00:34:59,516 --> 00:35:02,978 the number of whups that each whale is producing 426 00:35:03,061 --> 00:35:05,189 goes up when I produce a whup. 427 00:35:08,358 --> 00:35:11,486 And the best way to do this is to start doing scans. 428 00:35:13,197 --> 00:35:15,908 I mark every whale that I can see all around me. 429 00:35:17,868 --> 00:35:20,954 If, on average, how many whups each whale is making 430 00:35:21,038 --> 00:35:23,498 goes up when I produce a whup call... 431 00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:29,546 that's really strong evidence that they're using whups to make contact. 432 00:35:34,551 --> 00:35:38,514 [Fournet, indistinct] 433 00:36:11,255 --> 00:36:15,509 [whale blowing] 434 00:36:20,138 --> 00:36:21,723 [Matthews] Starting playback. 435 00:36:27,396 --> 00:36:33,026 [whale blows, calling] 436 00:36:41,869 --> 00:36:44,121 [whale blows] 437 00:36:48,584 --> 00:36:51,211 [blowing continues] 438 00:36:55,924 --> 00:36:56,925 Okay. 439 00:36:57,009 --> 00:36:59,761 [whale calls] 440 00:37:01,221 --> 00:37:03,682 We're gonna head that way to give some space. 441 00:37:03,765 --> 00:37:07,644 And then we'll cut back. Slow, we're gonna go slow. 442 00:37:15,402 --> 00:37:18,780 -Thirty seconds out from playback. -[Fournet] Thank you. Thirty seconds. 443 00:37:18,864 --> 00:37:22,534 [whale calling, water gushing] 444 00:37:26,580 --> 00:37:31,126 Group size, four. 131, 500. 445 00:37:33,295 --> 00:37:38,717 Group size, two. 154, 1,000. 446 00:37:38,800 --> 00:37:41,386 145. Group size, two. 447 00:37:41,470 --> 00:37:43,805 -[Knight] Can you slow down just a little? -Barely. 448 00:37:45,015 --> 00:37:47,100 Range, 200. 449 00:37:47,184 --> 00:37:48,852 [Knight] Please repeat that azimuth. 450 00:37:48,936 --> 00:37:50,229 142. 451 00:37:51,939 --> 00:37:53,565 Group size, two... 452 00:37:53,649 --> 00:37:58,320 [water gushes, whale calls] 453 00:37:58,403 --> 00:38:00,531 250 yards. 454 00:38:00,614 --> 00:38:03,909 185. Group size, one. 455 00:38:05,202 --> 00:38:09,331 -[Knight] Please repeat that. I'm sorry. -185. Group size, one. 250 yards. 456 00:38:12,042 --> 00:38:15,379 [Fournet] 200 yards. Group size, one. 256. 457 00:38:15,462 --> 00:38:18,382 [Knight] I am at group size four at 1,000. 458 00:38:19,383 --> 00:38:21,635 -What was the azimuth? -I don't know. 459 00:38:23,762 --> 00:38:25,889 [Fournet] All right. Let's stop and start over. 460 00:38:26,640 --> 00:38:28,100 [Knight] It's really, really fast, 461 00:38:28,183 --> 00:38:31,562 and I haven't had time to really look at this. 462 00:38:31,645 --> 00:38:33,188 I know. And it's-- it's-- 463 00:38:33,272 --> 00:38:35,482 Let's delete all of those and start again. 464 00:38:38,527 --> 00:38:41,655 As hard as that was, it was easier. 465 00:38:43,740 --> 00:38:46,618 [Knight] Than trying to focal follow one animal in all of that? 466 00:38:46,702 --> 00:38:48,912 Yeah. Oh, look at these guys. Look at that. 467 00:38:54,293 --> 00:38:56,837 [water gushes] 468 00:39:00,591 --> 00:39:02,426 [Matthews] All right. Start survey. 469 00:39:05,220 --> 00:39:08,348 All right. Group size, three. 159. 470 00:39:08,432 --> 00:39:13,562 [through speakers: whales calling] 471 00:39:13,645 --> 00:39:16,899 [whale calling continues] 472 00:39:22,696 --> 00:39:24,239 I kind of wanna see us. 473 00:39:24,907 --> 00:39:26,992 -When did we start playing back? -11:32. 474 00:39:31,330 --> 00:39:32,789 [whale call] 475 00:39:32,873 --> 00:39:35,667 -[Matthews] That sounds right. -I think that's us. It's quiet. 476 00:39:35,751 --> 00:39:37,669 [Matthews] Mm-hmm. But again, like, it fits right in. 477 00:39:37,753 --> 00:39:40,631 It fits right in. Oh, yeah. It sounds very, very realistic. 478 00:39:42,382 --> 00:39:44,009 -[whale call] -Yeah. 479 00:39:44,968 --> 00:39:46,178 [Matthews] Mm-hmm. 480 00:39:48,347 --> 00:39:49,973 [whale call] 481 00:39:51,225 --> 00:39:52,893 -That's not us. -No, it's not. 482 00:39:52,976 --> 00:39:55,020 -No, we're over here. This is us. -Yeah. 483 00:39:55,854 --> 00:39:57,940 [chuckling] 484 00:40:01,443 --> 00:40:04,279 [Fournet] I think the whup is a kind of hello to them. 485 00:40:05,364 --> 00:40:09,409 Possibly, "Hello, I am..." 486 00:40:11,954 --> 00:40:13,330 Which raises the question... 487 00:40:15,207 --> 00:40:17,209 if each whale has their own whup... 488 00:40:18,544 --> 00:40:20,546 could they use it to identify each other? 489 00:40:25,509 --> 00:40:28,637 This is why I'm playing this sound. 490 00:40:29,555 --> 00:40:31,598 Before you can have the conversation... 491 00:40:33,308 --> 00:40:34,977 it helps to introduce yourself. 492 00:40:37,104 --> 00:40:40,232 So, what else did we find in here? 493 00:40:40,315 --> 00:40:43,819 We wanted to see if they were whupping before we started whupping, right? 494 00:40:44,361 --> 00:40:46,363 -That's us. -We-- And that's us. 495 00:40:46,446 --> 00:40:49,241 We don't see a lot of whupping before we started whupping. 496 00:40:50,701 --> 00:40:51,952 [whale call] 497 00:40:54,329 --> 00:40:56,123 [Fournet] They insist on calling back. 498 00:40:57,124 --> 00:41:00,836 [whale calls] 499 00:41:02,045 --> 00:41:03,881 Now, it could just be random chance. 500 00:41:03,964 --> 00:41:07,509 -Ooh, here they go again. -[whales calling] 501 00:41:13,056 --> 00:41:14,224 -Oh, Leanna. -What's up? 502 00:41:14,308 --> 00:41:15,809 -Here, come here. -Okay. 503 00:41:15,893 --> 00:41:19,062 -Maggie. We need a push. -[Matthews] Oh, God. 504 00:41:19,146 --> 00:41:21,690 -[chuckles] Oh, God. -[Fournet] We hit the ground. 505 00:41:21,773 --> 00:41:23,984 -[Matthews] It creaks. -[both laugh] 506 00:41:24,067 --> 00:41:26,486 [Knight] I'm not helping. I'm not taking part in this. 507 00:41:26,570 --> 00:41:28,488 I will not be sued if something goes wrong. 508 00:41:28,572 --> 00:41:31,116 [Fournet, laughing] Are we on the ground? I think we hit the ground. 509 00:41:31,200 --> 00:41:33,160 [Knight] I'm gonna stand up here and judge you. 510 00:41:33,243 --> 00:41:34,828 [Matthews] Are you saying we can't swing? 511 00:41:34,912 --> 00:41:37,998 Well, if we go further that way, there's less ground, right? 512 00:41:40,334 --> 00:41:42,544 -[Fournet] Ready? -[laughing] Oh, my God. I'm in tears. 513 00:41:44,296 --> 00:41:45,464 [both laughing] 514 00:41:45,547 --> 00:41:47,758 [Matthews] Oh, my God. I'm gonna pee in my pants. 515 00:41:47,841 --> 00:41:50,260 -[Fournet] Oh, yeah. Oh, Maggie. [laughs] -[Matthews laughing] 516 00:41:52,346 --> 00:41:54,973 -Here, be careful. -Ooh, this seems like a really bad idea. 517 00:41:55,057 --> 00:41:56,975 -Can you get your feet up there? -Probably. 518 00:41:57,059 --> 00:41:59,186 [Fournet] I bet if you hold the stick higher-- Yeah. 519 00:41:59,269 --> 00:42:01,104 [Matthews] Yeah, you're just gonna have to jump. 520 00:42:01,188 --> 00:42:02,481 Jump and straddle. Oh, God. 521 00:42:02,564 --> 00:42:04,149 [Fournet] Whoo! [laughs] 522 00:42:04,233 --> 00:42:06,193 Oh, God. Don't let her hit the tree. 523 00:42:06,276 --> 00:42:11,073 [all laughing] 524 00:42:16,495 --> 00:42:19,331 [laughter fades] 525 00:42:26,839 --> 00:42:28,841 [birds calling] 526 00:42:38,141 --> 00:42:40,644 [Fournet] I take things that I love about being here 527 00:42:40,727 --> 00:42:42,771 and set them up in my home. 528 00:42:42,855 --> 00:42:43,856 [Matthews] Like what? 529 00:42:43,939 --> 00:42:45,399 Like, I don't have the Internet. 530 00:42:45,482 --> 00:42:47,442 Yeah. You don't have Internet at your house? 531 00:42:47,526 --> 00:42:49,987 -Yeah, I don't have Internet at my house. -Yeah. 532 00:42:50,070 --> 00:42:51,697 It's really quiet at my house. 533 00:42:51,780 --> 00:42:53,532 I'm far away from noise, 534 00:42:53,615 --> 00:42:56,076 so that when I step outside, it sounds a little bit... 535 00:42:56,159 --> 00:42:57,160 [Matthews] Yeah. 536 00:42:57,244 --> 00:43:00,163 When I wake up in the morning, it feels kind of like waking up in a tent. 537 00:43:00,247 --> 00:43:04,084 Yeah. Transitioning out of being here is exponentially harder. 538 00:43:04,168 --> 00:43:08,172 It takes days to recalibrate 539 00:43:08,255 --> 00:43:11,216 to reality and the real world, and it's just... 540 00:43:11,300 --> 00:43:14,553 That's where I-- That's the thing, is I don't feel like that is reality, 541 00:43:14,636 --> 00:43:15,929 I feel like this is reality. 542 00:43:16,013 --> 00:43:18,599 This is the real world. 543 00:43:18,682 --> 00:43:21,935 Yes, but this is not the real world that we live in all the time. 544 00:43:22,019 --> 00:43:24,855 -Yes. -So we have to reset 545 00:43:24,938 --> 00:43:28,317 to the day-to-day life that we had before this. 546 00:43:28,400 --> 00:43:29,651 And it's hard. 547 00:43:31,695 --> 00:43:34,031 [water sloshes] 548 00:43:58,931 --> 00:44:01,183 [Garland] Some things we do are not innate. 549 00:44:05,354 --> 00:44:06,438 They're learned. 550 00:44:10,275 --> 00:44:12,277 They tell us who we're connected to. 551 00:44:14,738 --> 00:44:15,864 And where we belong. 552 00:44:18,867 --> 00:44:20,661 We worked today. We were a good team today. 553 00:44:20,744 --> 00:44:21,745 Yeah. 554 00:44:22,454 --> 00:44:24,164 We took good care of each other. 555 00:44:24,790 --> 00:44:25,958 We laughed a lot. 556 00:44:26,041 --> 00:44:27,584 [Fournet] We laughed a lot today. 557 00:44:30,546 --> 00:44:32,214 You don't need me to cut your hair? 558 00:44:32,297 --> 00:44:34,508 [all laugh] 559 00:44:38,679 --> 00:44:41,431 [Garland] We call these things culture. 560 00:44:43,725 --> 00:44:48,355 -[water bubbling] -[whale call] 561 00:44:50,232 --> 00:44:52,901 The oldest cultures are not human. 562 00:44:56,405 --> 00:44:57,906 They're from the ocean. 563 00:45:02,160 --> 00:45:06,164 For generations, researchers thought they were solitary 564 00:45:07,332 --> 00:45:09,001 when we didn't see them together. 565 00:45:14,882 --> 00:45:17,593 But they haven't been alone for eons. 566 00:45:21,471 --> 00:45:26,852 Forty million years ago, their brains exploded with complexity. 567 00:45:28,979 --> 00:45:31,064 Before we walked upright. 568 00:45:33,150 --> 00:45:34,902 Before we sparked fire. 569 00:45:37,404 --> 00:45:40,782 Consciousness bloomed because they became social. 570 00:45:40,866 --> 00:45:43,785 [whales calling] 571 00:45:46,121 --> 00:45:49,666 Regions related to self and community 572 00:45:49,750 --> 00:45:52,544 grew more elaborate than in any other brain. 573 00:45:54,087 --> 00:45:55,464 Including us. 574 00:45:57,341 --> 00:46:00,302 The senses of sight and sound merged. 575 00:46:02,387 --> 00:46:05,974 Allowing whales to see one another through sound. 576 00:46:09,269 --> 00:46:13,023 Whales evolved to build relationships in the dark. 577 00:46:24,117 --> 00:46:26,537 -[Frank] A tail. -[Garland] Where-- Tail on the left! 578 00:46:26,620 --> 00:46:28,372 I've got one there and one there. 579 00:46:36,129 --> 00:46:38,298 Okay. Recording at 13:50. 580 00:46:52,271 --> 00:46:56,108 [whale calls] 581 00:46:57,109 --> 00:47:01,405 -Okay, we do have a singer. -[South] Mmm. 582 00:47:01,488 --> 00:47:07,661 [whale calling continues] 583 00:47:07,744 --> 00:47:09,204 [South] The moans are really... 584 00:47:09,288 --> 00:47:11,456 You can hear all the detail in them, it's great. 585 00:47:11,540 --> 00:47:15,085 That's exactly what we want. This is it. This is the one! 586 00:47:15,169 --> 00:47:18,255 This is the one. We're gonna hold the cable for an hour. 587 00:47:18,338 --> 00:47:19,756 We're gonna-- This is our gold. 588 00:47:19,840 --> 00:47:21,842 -Like, this is our one for the season. -Yeah. 589 00:47:21,925 --> 00:47:25,804 [calling continues] 590 00:47:41,028 --> 00:47:44,656 [Garland] The song we recorded is different from the one I've been tracking. 591 00:47:46,992 --> 00:47:49,703 A new song I've never heard before. 592 00:47:51,330 --> 00:47:55,709 In 20 years of song recordings across the South Pacific, 593 00:47:55,792 --> 00:47:58,754 this is the first time I've ever seen this happen. 594 00:48:01,131 --> 00:48:02,841 But I don't think it's an anomaly. 595 00:48:05,802 --> 00:48:10,015 The song has a complex structure and fully formed themes. 596 00:48:14,186 --> 00:48:17,439 Maybe French Polynesia isn't the end of the map. 597 00:48:35,916 --> 00:48:41,129 [Fournet] In a week, I lose Leanna and Maggie to their day jobs. 598 00:48:42,464 --> 00:48:44,633 But I think we're finally starting to get it. 599 00:48:46,552 --> 00:48:50,097 Since we've gone from tracking one whale to dozens, 600 00:48:50,180 --> 00:48:52,432 the hardest part is gauging distance by eye. 601 00:48:54,351 --> 00:48:57,145 So, every morning we practice. 602 00:48:57,229 --> 00:48:58,730 -Okay, my guess. -[Matthews] Okay. 603 00:48:58,814 --> 00:49:00,607 -[both] I-- -[Fournet] Okay, you first. 604 00:49:00,691 --> 00:49:02,526 [Matthews] I would say-- I would say 125. 605 00:49:02,609 --> 00:49:05,153 -I said 150. -I could see 150. 606 00:49:05,237 --> 00:49:06,613 -[Fournet] 170. -Oof. 607 00:49:06,697 --> 00:49:09,616 I thought 150 to 200... was my guess on that. 608 00:49:09,700 --> 00:49:11,368 Really? I was 100 to 150. 609 00:49:11,451 --> 00:49:13,203 -[Fournet] All right. Okay. -I'm off. 610 00:49:15,998 --> 00:49:18,709 -150 to 200. -I would say 150 to 200. 611 00:49:18,792 --> 00:49:20,752 Okay, range from-- Oh, God, don't move. 612 00:49:22,754 --> 00:49:24,173 Hmm. 613 00:49:24,256 --> 00:49:25,465 It's 130. 614 00:49:26,300 --> 00:49:28,010 -We're a little under. -Yeah. 615 00:49:28,093 --> 00:49:29,761 We're overestimating the distance. 616 00:49:31,471 --> 00:49:32,598 -Ready? -Yeah. 617 00:49:34,183 --> 00:49:36,310 -[Matthews] Oof. I would say 75. -Seventy-five. 618 00:49:36,393 --> 00:49:37,853 -Closer than a hundred. -Seventy. 619 00:49:37,936 --> 00:49:40,939 -[exhales] Okay. I'm feeling better. -[Fournet] We're-- Yeah. 620 00:49:44,318 --> 00:49:47,154 -It's hot today. -I'm so uncomfortable. 621 00:49:47,237 --> 00:49:48,447 [chuckles] 622 00:49:49,865 --> 00:49:52,451 You also look very, um, like, 623 00:49:52,534 --> 00:49:55,037 -French-girl-goes-into-the-field today. -Really? 624 00:49:55,120 --> 00:49:56,955 With the little bun and the solid black. 625 00:49:57,039 --> 00:50:00,876 Oh, well, so, that's so that you can't see my sweat stains in the black, 626 00:50:00,959 --> 00:50:03,587 and, uh, I can put my hair in a hat. 627 00:50:04,838 --> 00:50:05,923 Functional fashion. 628 00:50:06,006 --> 00:50:08,133 -Functional fashion. -Mm-hmm. Yeah. 629 00:50:10,594 --> 00:50:13,013 I haven't changed shirts in, like, six days. 630 00:50:16,892 --> 00:50:19,144 They're so spectacular. There are so many whales. 631 00:50:19,978 --> 00:50:23,857 -Just there, and there, and there... -[water gushes] 632 00:50:23,941 --> 00:50:26,318 ...and there, and there, and... 633 00:50:51,677 --> 00:50:52,678 [Fournet grunts] 634 00:50:54,721 --> 00:50:56,849 -[motor sputters, stalls] -[Fournet] Seriously? 635 00:50:59,476 --> 00:51:00,727 [motor sputters, stalls] 636 00:51:00,811 --> 00:51:03,188 Leanna. We've got fuel coming out of the back. 637 00:51:03,272 --> 00:51:04,815 -[Matthews] Okay, let's go home. -Yeah. 638 00:51:04,898 --> 00:51:08,527 [motor sputters, stalls] 639 00:51:08,610 --> 00:51:13,657 -[motor starts] -It's working. 640 00:51:29,923 --> 00:51:31,175 Yep, yep, yep. 641 00:51:37,055 --> 00:51:39,975 [motor revs] 642 00:52:06,960 --> 00:52:10,172 I don't know exactly where we're leaking from, 643 00:52:10,255 --> 00:52:12,090 so I need to figure that out. 644 00:52:12,174 --> 00:52:15,636 But I know that when I'm feeding it fuel, that my intake is fine, 645 00:52:15,719 --> 00:52:17,679 but something's happening. I think... 646 00:52:19,306 --> 00:52:22,059 Not even gonna speculate right now. But I'm working on it. 647 00:52:22,142 --> 00:52:23,227 Okay. 648 00:52:25,312 --> 00:52:27,648 Just know that, probably for the next several hours, 649 00:52:27,731 --> 00:52:29,608 I will not have any extra bandwidth, 650 00:52:29,691 --> 00:52:33,362 and I will be in problem-solving mode until the problem is solved. 651 00:52:33,445 --> 00:52:34,905 -Got it. -[Fournet] Okay. 652 00:53:19,825 --> 00:53:23,579 [water gushing] 653 00:53:52,274 --> 00:53:54,234 Yeah, we're getting close to 20 minutes. 654 00:54:08,207 --> 00:54:09,374 [Frank] Blow. 655 00:54:09,458 --> 00:54:13,045 -[South] Moving. -[Frank, indistinct] 656 00:54:16,840 --> 00:54:18,967 [South] Oh, yeah. And again. 657 00:54:25,140 --> 00:54:27,434 [Frank] Blow. 658 00:54:27,518 --> 00:54:30,145 -[Garland] Whe-- Where? Blow? -[South] Blow? 659 00:54:34,483 --> 00:54:36,151 [Garland] Ah, yes. Yes. 660 00:54:37,528 --> 00:54:40,072 Starting listening now. 661 00:54:59,258 --> 00:55:01,134 He's not a singer. 662 00:55:01,218 --> 00:55:03,929 He's not a singer. I know, I know. 663 00:55:04,012 --> 00:55:07,850 He's, like, right there, but... I know. [grunts] 664 00:55:08,892 --> 00:55:11,395 -I call it needle in a haystack. -[South] Yeah. 665 00:55:11,478 --> 00:55:12,729 And you've just gotta-- 666 00:55:12,813 --> 00:55:16,108 They're either gonna be there and singing or they're not. [chuckles] 667 00:55:34,459 --> 00:55:38,881 [man speaking French] 668 00:55:42,551 --> 00:55:45,888 So he's saying, uh, 4:00, 4:30 at the Marina de Vaiare. 669 00:55:45,971 --> 00:55:47,139 -Tomorrow? -Yes. 670 00:55:47,222 --> 00:55:49,474 -Let's do it. I'm in. Great. -[speaks French] 671 00:55:58,775 --> 00:56:05,449 [shushes, murmurs] 672 00:56:07,701 --> 00:56:09,286 Four, two... 673 00:56:11,371 --> 00:56:14,458 I just said that we didn't have any good song, 674 00:56:14,541 --> 00:56:17,002 but it was good that we're out, and it's good practice. 675 00:56:17,085 --> 00:56:22,090 [bell ringing] 676 00:56:28,222 --> 00:56:31,099 [South] And this end is the business end. That's the hydrophone. 677 00:56:31,183 --> 00:56:34,144 [Garland] Yeah, this is the hydrophone. What we do is, when we cable tie it, 678 00:56:34,228 --> 00:56:37,105 we put the hydrophone up and its tail down. 679 00:56:37,189 --> 00:56:39,983 So there's a weight on the ground and a buoy, or-- Yeah. 680 00:56:40,067 --> 00:56:44,446 Yeah. We're putting it down on the reef there and so there's a lot of fish around. 681 00:56:44,530 --> 00:56:46,281 -Get some really cool croakers. -Right. 682 00:56:46,365 --> 00:56:48,742 Like, you're gonna hear a lot of that, and... 683 00:56:48,825 --> 00:56:50,911 -There's snapping shrimp, but... -Yeah. 684 00:56:50,994 --> 00:56:54,873 As long as you've got a close singer, it just sort of overrides everything else. 685 00:56:59,294 --> 00:57:00,963 [Garland] I'm doing everything I can 686 00:57:01,046 --> 00:57:04,174 to capture if something different is happening here. 687 00:57:12,140 --> 00:57:13,183 [sighing] Okay. 688 00:57:13,267 --> 00:57:16,353 [Garland] Yeah. [indistinct] 689 00:57:16,436 --> 00:57:19,481 It is the 10th of September, 690 00:57:19,565 --> 00:57:23,777 and we are currently just off the reef in Mo'orea. 691 00:57:23,861 --> 00:57:27,030 If found, the soundtrack belongs to Dr. Ellen Garland 692 00:57:27,114 --> 00:57:29,616 at the, uh, University of St. Andrews. 693 00:57:35,831 --> 00:57:38,375 [Garland] We're placing hydrophones on the seafloor, 694 00:57:38,458 --> 00:57:40,669 hoping a singer swims close enough. 695 00:57:46,592 --> 00:57:50,387 All right. I'm gonna feed it. Yeah. Right. 696 00:57:50,971 --> 00:57:52,055 [Garland] Ooh. 697 00:57:55,517 --> 00:57:58,437 [Garland] We call our communication "language." 698 00:57:59,646 --> 00:58:02,774 We think what whales do is different. 699 00:58:04,484 --> 00:58:06,945 [whales calling] 700 00:58:11,033 --> 00:58:16,997 Underwater, sounds can take half an hour to bend around the horizon. 701 00:58:18,165 --> 00:58:22,920 Or fade in a matter of seconds and feet. 702 00:58:25,130 --> 00:58:27,216 Sounds constantly arrive... 703 00:58:28,842 --> 00:58:32,387 from different places and times. 704 00:58:39,436 --> 00:58:43,899 And somehow humpbacks decipher an acoustic world 705 00:58:43,982 --> 00:58:48,403 where the past and present arrive all at once. 706 00:58:56,495 --> 00:58:59,790 It's like knowing how each of the stars fit within time... 707 00:59:01,875 --> 00:59:03,502 with just your ears. 708 00:59:13,470 --> 00:59:16,223 [motor whirring] 709 00:59:49,840 --> 00:59:52,176 -[Fournet] How many whales have I marked? -[Mastick] Six total. 710 00:59:52,259 --> 00:59:55,721 Six total. Whales, whales... 711 00:59:55,804 --> 00:59:58,724 Group size of two, group of three and a single over there. Right? 712 00:59:58,807 --> 00:59:59,850 Mm-hmm. Yep. 713 00:59:59,933 --> 01:00:01,310 -That happens a lot. -Yeah. 714 01:00:02,186 --> 01:00:03,270 Okay. 715 01:00:03,353 --> 01:00:05,189 -[Mastick] Okay. -Time for my three-minute break? 716 01:00:05,272 --> 01:00:07,649 Hmm, yes. 717 01:00:07,733 --> 01:00:08,984 Breaching whale! 718 01:00:09,067 --> 01:00:12,321 -Well, we're out of our work. [laughs] -Whoa. Yeah, but we can watch it. 719 01:00:12,404 --> 01:00:15,032 It's snack time. Get the snacks, get the snacks. 720 01:00:15,115 --> 01:00:17,242 -Here, pocket cheese. -Oh, perfect. Thank you. 721 01:00:17,326 --> 01:00:18,493 Yeah. Ooh. 722 01:00:18,577 --> 01:00:21,079 Then how far away do we go before we do another survey? 723 01:00:21,163 --> 01:00:23,123 -One hour or four miles. -Four miles. 724 01:00:23,207 --> 01:00:24,499 Excellent. 725 01:00:25,459 --> 01:00:27,586 How many surveys do we try and do in a day? 726 01:00:27,669 --> 01:00:29,046 -Four. -Four. 727 01:00:29,129 --> 01:00:31,089 How hungry are we gonna be when we get home? 728 01:00:31,173 --> 01:00:32,966 -So. -So hungry. 729 01:00:36,220 --> 01:00:37,387 [whale call] 730 01:00:39,473 --> 01:00:41,308 There's a lot happening in this file. 731 01:00:41,975 --> 01:00:44,311 I'm not surprised. There is a lot of whales around. 732 01:00:44,978 --> 01:00:46,813 Here's a little half feeding call. 733 01:00:47,981 --> 01:00:50,901 -[whale call] -[imitates whale sound] 734 01:00:51,985 --> 01:00:54,154 That's called an arches, and then a droplet. 735 01:00:54,238 --> 01:00:57,241 -[whale call] -Whup, feeding call, droplet. 736 01:00:57,324 --> 01:01:01,787 Droplet, droplet, droplet. 737 01:01:01,870 --> 01:01:06,416 Feeding call, droplet, droplet, droplet. 738 01:01:06,500 --> 01:01:08,043 [Mastick] How many of these did you name? 739 01:01:09,378 --> 01:01:10,504 I named all of those. 740 01:01:11,839 --> 01:01:13,799 -[gasps] -[keyboard key clicks] 741 01:01:13,882 --> 01:01:16,260 [whale calls] 742 01:01:16,343 --> 01:01:17,928 You know what we call that call? 743 01:01:19,429 --> 01:01:21,598 Uh, elephant. 744 01:01:21,682 --> 01:01:25,102 No, close. Think of another animal that makes this sound. It might be dead. 745 01:01:25,185 --> 01:01:27,563 -Mammoth. -Closer. 746 01:01:27,646 --> 01:01:28,856 Woolly mammoth. 747 01:01:28,939 --> 01:01:33,527 [Fournet laughs] 748 01:01:33,610 --> 01:01:35,529 -No, it's called the brontosaurus. -Aah! 749 01:01:35,612 --> 01:01:37,531 It "may" be dead? 750 01:01:37,614 --> 01:01:40,409 -[laughs] -Most certainly is dead. 751 01:01:41,201 --> 01:01:42,494 You tricked me. 752 01:01:43,328 --> 01:01:45,414 They do remind me of brontosauruses. 753 01:01:45,497 --> 01:01:46,790 -Brontosauri. -I agree. 754 01:01:46,874 --> 01:01:48,500 [whale calls] 755 01:01:49,376 --> 01:01:51,628 -That sounds like a brontosaurus. -Yeah, it does. 756 01:02:39,259 --> 01:02:42,471 [Fournet] Three more days until I get a new engine. 757 01:02:52,523 --> 01:02:57,277 We're trying to answer the question, "Is the whup a contact call?" 758 01:03:01,073 --> 01:03:03,367 -And we are running out of time. -[thunder rumbles] 759 01:03:06,578 --> 01:03:07,746 We're creating a record. 760 01:03:09,414 --> 01:03:11,834 So that we can at least demonstrate to the world 761 01:03:11,917 --> 01:03:13,460 and to the generations ahead of us 762 01:03:13,544 --> 01:03:15,087 that something beautiful was here. 763 01:03:15,170 --> 01:03:20,092 -[thunder rumbling] -[wind howling] 764 01:03:32,396 --> 01:03:37,109 To answer these questions, I have to remove myself from society. 765 01:03:39,987 --> 01:03:43,156 And live in a world that is dominated with animals. 766 01:03:47,244 --> 01:03:50,247 And it doesn't feel like a sacrifice. 767 01:03:52,791 --> 01:03:54,209 It feels like a release. 768 01:04:01,216 --> 01:04:04,303 -[footsteps] -[oil sizzling] 769 01:04:13,937 --> 01:04:16,523 [Mastick] I know I'm gonna come home a different person. 770 01:04:16,607 --> 01:04:18,942 And I don't know if that person's gonna fit... 771 01:04:20,110 --> 01:04:21,612 the role that I had before. 772 01:04:25,574 --> 01:04:28,702 Like, I went to Antarctica for a month 773 01:04:28,785 --> 01:04:32,789 and came home to a dog and a partner 774 01:04:33,790 --> 01:04:35,792 that I didn't fit into anymore. 775 01:04:36,960 --> 01:04:38,170 And I had to leave them. 776 01:04:40,589 --> 01:04:43,300 And I'm terrified that's gonna happen again. 777 01:04:43,383 --> 01:04:44,510 -You know? -Yeah. 778 01:04:44,593 --> 01:04:47,930 I'm terrified I'm not gonna fit into that role that I had when I left. 779 01:04:49,264 --> 01:04:50,265 You have to leave it, 780 01:04:50,349 --> 01:04:53,101 but not just leave it physically, but also leave it mentally. 781 01:04:54,061 --> 01:04:56,396 You've come into the field for seven seasons. 782 01:04:58,732 --> 01:05:01,902 Have you found a way to come home? 783 01:05:01,985 --> 01:05:03,195 No. 784 01:05:04,071 --> 01:05:05,656 No. 785 01:05:05,739 --> 01:05:07,032 Instead... 786 01:05:08,033 --> 01:05:11,787 I do the opposite, and I take the things that are precious to me about home, 787 01:05:11,870 --> 01:05:14,248 like you, and bring them here. 788 01:05:16,500 --> 01:05:18,961 [sniffles] Which seems to make more sense. 789 01:05:20,379 --> 01:05:23,006 Because this is a much safer place to be a human. 790 01:05:38,939 --> 01:05:42,025 [Garland] I've never seen so few whales this late in the season. 791 01:05:43,569 --> 01:05:45,737 And we've only captured one clear recording. 792 01:05:57,708 --> 01:06:00,043 [South] Right. Hydrophone going down. 793 01:06:03,547 --> 01:06:05,549 -Moving nicely. -[Garland] Excellent. 794 01:06:06,425 --> 01:06:07,759 I'm gonna do data, 795 01:06:07,843 --> 01:06:11,805 because we don't wanna be out here for any longer than we have to. 796 01:06:23,817 --> 01:06:25,819 [South] Can I have a time? I'm listening now. 797 01:06:25,903 --> 01:06:27,654 [Garland] 8:29. 798 01:06:27,738 --> 01:06:30,115 -Okay, recording. -[Garland] Cool. 799 01:06:41,668 --> 01:06:45,005 [water rumbling] 800 01:06:46,215 --> 01:06:47,633 [whale calls] 801 01:06:50,552 --> 01:06:56,141 [water rumbling continues] 802 01:07:08,403 --> 01:07:10,948 -[Garland groans] This is frustrating. -Mmm. 803 01:07:12,032 --> 01:07:15,869 We've got so much water noise. And so much splashing. 804 01:07:15,953 --> 01:07:19,998 I think we might have to call it at 25. I just-- It-- This is getting-- 805 01:07:20,958 --> 01:07:23,043 Uh, this is getting challenging. 806 01:07:27,005 --> 01:07:31,134 [Garland] I am just exhausted from everything. 807 01:07:35,347 --> 01:07:38,725 To talk about that it's hard, that it's challenging, 808 01:07:38,809 --> 01:07:40,894 can sometimes be a sign of weakness. 809 01:07:48,861 --> 01:07:53,532 Particularly being female in this field, you don't want to show any weakness. 810 01:08:28,483 --> 01:08:32,069 This year, I promised that I would only go on fieldwork for two weeks. 811 01:08:37,242 --> 01:08:38,410 I miss Matt. 812 01:08:40,703 --> 01:08:44,416 It feels like a lifetime ago we were able to see each other's faces. 813 01:09:21,537 --> 01:09:26,792 -[choke clicks] -[motor starts] 814 01:09:34,591 --> 01:09:37,051 [Fournet] It is Tuesday, August 27th. 815 01:09:37,135 --> 01:09:38,804 This is Dr. Michelle Fournet, 816 01:09:38,886 --> 01:09:42,599 here with almost-but-not-yet-doctor Natalie Mastick. 817 01:09:48,145 --> 01:09:50,314 [Fournet] Okay. All right. 818 01:09:51,191 --> 01:09:55,112 -[whale calls] -[Fournet] Is he... closer to the others? 819 01:09:55,195 --> 01:09:58,240 Lot of, lot of, lot of whales. Whoo, there's a lot of whales. 820 01:10:00,492 --> 01:10:02,786 -Okay. -That's my favorite problem. 821 01:10:02,870 --> 01:10:05,914 [chuckles] It's a good problem. Look at 'em. 822 01:10:05,998 --> 01:10:07,708 Look! 823 01:10:20,637 --> 01:10:21,847 Perfect. 824 01:10:21,930 --> 01:10:25,893 Okay, blue is secured on the anchor. 825 01:10:25,976 --> 01:10:28,645 Blue is now in the water. 826 01:10:28,729 --> 01:10:30,272 [Fournet] Blue is in the water. 827 01:10:38,947 --> 01:10:41,742 Is that turned-- volume turned up all the way on the iPad? 828 01:10:43,243 --> 01:10:44,870 -Yes. -It is? 829 01:10:46,914 --> 01:10:49,875 -[Fournet] Play it again. Is it playing? -It's playing. 830 01:10:50,959 --> 01:10:51,960 [whale call] 831 01:10:52,044 --> 01:10:54,129 -Oh! We didn't put it in the water. -Shoot. 832 01:10:55,297 --> 01:10:57,174 -All right, stop it. -Oh, no. 833 01:10:58,050 --> 01:10:59,259 [Fournet groans] 834 01:11:01,136 --> 01:11:02,513 All right. Are you ready? 835 01:11:03,305 --> 01:11:05,641 [sighs] I don't know. That was very stressful. 836 01:11:05,724 --> 01:11:07,518 -Yes, ready. -Okay. Go. 837 01:11:12,064 --> 01:11:16,235 One. Two. Three, four, five. 838 01:11:16,860 --> 01:11:20,531 Six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven. 839 01:11:22,908 --> 01:11:25,827 Ready? And begin. 840 01:11:26,995 --> 01:11:28,956 We have a group of two. 841 01:11:29,581 --> 01:11:32,835 Three singles. One group of four. And two. 842 01:11:33,418 --> 01:11:36,213 Right here. I think there's one here. 843 01:11:36,296 --> 01:11:38,048 [Fournet] Survey number 26. 844 01:11:39,132 --> 01:11:40,843 -[alarm beeps] -That's time. 845 01:11:41,885 --> 01:11:45,472 -[whale call] -[Mastick] Group size, three. 145.6. 846 01:11:46,348 --> 01:11:49,768 Group of two. 356.1. 847 01:11:51,144 --> 01:11:52,396 Group of one. 848 01:11:54,731 --> 01:11:56,608 129.6. 849 01:11:58,235 --> 01:12:00,112 200 to 500. 850 01:12:08,912 --> 01:12:11,123 [Fournet] I feel my age for the first time. 851 01:12:12,165 --> 01:12:13,375 And I wanna have a baby. 852 01:12:14,710 --> 01:12:17,504 [Mastick] What are you gonna do with your baby when you're in the field? 853 01:12:18,672 --> 01:12:20,007 You're gonna bring him out. 854 01:12:22,217 --> 01:12:23,302 It's a hard question. 855 01:12:23,385 --> 01:12:25,345 It depends on what kind of fieldwork I do. 856 01:12:25,429 --> 01:12:28,307 Depends on what kind of partner I have when I do that fieldwork. 857 01:12:28,390 --> 01:12:31,393 If I have a partner who can join me in the field, yeah. 858 01:12:31,476 --> 01:12:34,188 If I have, um, a support group of people. 859 01:12:35,439 --> 01:12:36,982 Like, I'm dead serious. 860 01:12:37,065 --> 01:12:38,817 -We do a one-month field season. -Yeah. 861 01:12:38,901 --> 01:12:40,944 And somebody picks blueberries with the kids, 862 01:12:41,028 --> 01:12:42,905 and makes pancakes, and does the laundry, 863 01:12:42,988 --> 01:12:45,991 and cooks the meals for the day, and does the dishes for breakfast. 864 01:12:46,074 --> 01:12:48,368 And then we come in from all of our surveys 865 01:12:48,452 --> 01:12:50,746 and then the next day it's my turn with the kiddos. 866 01:12:50,829 --> 01:12:52,998 Like, you just stick one here and hold two hands 867 01:12:53,081 --> 01:12:55,626 and if they fall, they fall, you pick 'em back up again. 868 01:12:55,709 --> 01:12:56,710 Yeah. 869 01:12:56,793 --> 01:12:59,755 And then we just bump around again, and now it's your turn to stay home. 870 01:13:00,714 --> 01:13:03,509 -Yes. That sounds amazing. -Yeah. 871 01:13:03,592 --> 01:13:06,929 Are you thinking about how exhausted you're gonna be? 872 01:13:08,472 --> 01:13:09,723 It's only one month. 873 01:13:09,806 --> 01:13:12,643 One month of working for nine hours on the boat, 874 01:13:12,726 --> 01:13:15,187 coming home, not getting any sleep. 875 01:13:16,730 --> 01:13:19,942 I guess there just aren't that many good examples of that in our field. 876 01:13:20,025 --> 01:13:21,443 We don't need any examples. 877 01:13:42,506 --> 01:13:45,092 [Frank] Okay. Okay. 878 01:13:45,968 --> 01:13:50,264 Okay. [speaks French] 879 01:13:52,641 --> 01:13:54,935 -He told me this way. -Got a singer? 880 01:13:55,018 --> 01:13:56,770 -Yeah? -He's singing. 881 01:13:56,854 --> 01:13:58,438 -After when we go... -Okay. Yeah. 882 01:13:58,522 --> 01:14:00,148 ...and they, uh, stopped singing... 883 01:14:00,232 --> 01:14:02,901 -Okay. So we'll go-- Yeah. -[stammers] Yeah, okay. 884 01:14:02,985 --> 01:14:05,195 -'Cause last time he started again. -Yeah, okay. 885 01:14:05,279 --> 01:14:08,240 Okay. I think-- Yeah. That explains it, 'cause we heard-- 886 01:14:08,323 --> 01:14:11,159 we heard pretty good songs, so if he's off there, I-- Yeah. 887 01:14:12,035 --> 01:14:13,036 All right. 888 01:14:21,753 --> 01:14:24,840 [South muttering] 889 01:14:25,674 --> 01:14:26,800 Going in. 890 01:14:31,722 --> 01:14:33,974 [Garland] I think we're going in the right direction. 891 01:14:34,057 --> 01:14:35,309 I think he's louder. 892 01:14:38,604 --> 01:14:40,189 [whale call] 893 01:14:41,106 --> 01:14:44,234 Yeah, we are definitely going in the correct direction now. 894 01:14:44,318 --> 01:14:45,485 [South] Yeah. 895 01:14:46,570 --> 01:14:48,697 [whale calls] 896 01:15:06,340 --> 01:15:07,674 [sighs] Okay. 897 01:15:24,024 --> 01:15:26,652 [whale calls, faint] 898 01:15:40,958 --> 01:15:44,962 [whale calling intensifies] 899 01:15:52,219 --> 01:15:57,558 [whale calling continues] 900 01:16:10,237 --> 01:16:15,242 -[whale calling continues] -[no audible dialogue] 901 01:16:34,887 --> 01:16:37,723 [Garland] This is the same song we heard in Australia. 902 01:16:38,599 --> 01:16:41,518 The one we've been tracking all season. 903 01:16:44,396 --> 01:16:47,482 Which means there are at least two different songs here. 904 01:16:48,233 --> 01:16:50,861 [whale calls] 905 01:16:53,030 --> 01:16:55,073 A cultural crossroads. 906 01:16:58,410 --> 01:17:01,288 This whale is singing the song from the west. 907 01:17:01,371 --> 01:17:05,792 [whale calling continues] 908 01:17:06,877 --> 01:17:09,505 But the other song has to be from somewhere else. 909 01:17:17,179 --> 01:17:20,474 And the next closest population is near Ecuador. 910 01:17:21,183 --> 01:17:23,143 5,000 miles east. 911 01:17:26,563 --> 01:17:31,652 What I thought was unprecedented song sharing across the South Pacific 912 01:17:31,735 --> 01:17:35,989 could be just one piece of a global cultural network. 913 01:17:41,453 --> 01:17:44,498 Thousands of brains learning and sharing 914 01:17:44,581 --> 01:17:48,085 some of the most complex acoustic patterns on Earth. 915 01:17:56,176 --> 01:18:00,931 The result of evolution that's millions of years older than ours. 916 01:18:07,145 --> 01:18:12,609 Studying whale culture might be more about glimpsing something of ourselves. 917 01:18:17,990 --> 01:18:19,825 How we can connect differently 918 01:18:21,368 --> 01:18:22,953 a million years from now. 919 01:19:06,580 --> 01:19:12,002 [whale calling] 920 01:19:17,090 --> 01:19:23,013 [whale calling continues] 921 01:20:08,767 --> 01:20:10,936 [typing] 922 01:20:14,356 --> 01:20:15,899 We're about to find out... 923 01:20:16,984 --> 01:20:18,193 if it worked on this one. 924 01:20:19,987 --> 01:20:21,488 That one starts there. Okay. 925 01:20:23,323 --> 01:20:25,951 So in the first before period, there's one, two... 926 01:20:27,077 --> 01:20:28,745 -three growls. -Mm-hmm. 927 01:20:28,829 --> 01:20:29,830 No whups. 928 01:20:29,913 --> 01:20:33,417 In the second before period, there's one, two, three whups. 929 01:20:33,500 --> 01:20:36,712 In the during period, there are one, two, 930 01:20:37,546 --> 01:20:41,925 three, four, five, six, seven... 931 01:20:43,302 --> 01:20:45,721 eight, nine, ten, eleven... 932 01:20:47,389 --> 01:20:48,724 twelve, thirteen. 933 01:20:51,435 --> 01:20:52,811 There are 13. 934 01:20:53,770 --> 01:20:54,897 [chuckles] 935 01:20:58,525 --> 01:21:00,986 -That's pretty cool. Right? -That's pretty cool. 936 01:21:01,904 --> 01:21:03,280 They're talking back to you. 937 01:21:05,866 --> 01:21:08,410 -I keep thinking it's not gonna work. -[both laugh] 938 01:21:17,711 --> 01:21:20,589 -Oh, I'm so pleased. I'm so pleased! -[Mastick laughs] 939 01:21:29,890 --> 01:21:33,602 [Fournet] It is so hard to interpret the language of the natural world. 940 01:21:35,062 --> 01:21:40,359 To listen and to understand what it's saying to itself. 941 01:21:43,028 --> 01:21:48,534 That is of the same proportion as pointing all of our satellites skyward 942 01:21:48,617 --> 01:21:51,203 and listening for a sign from outer space.